Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

Gabatarwa

Sanannen abu ne cewa halittan ‘ya mace ya bambanta da na ɗa namiji a inda za mu ga cewa su mata suna yin al’ada (menses) a kusan duk wata daya sannan kuma suna da kafa ta inda da yake bi ya fito. A sakamakon haka, suna da wasu Mental Disorders da suka kebanta da su kaɗai waɗanda su ke da alaƙa da al’adan su wato Pre-menstrual Disphoric Disorder (PMDD) da kuma yanayin gaban su wato Genito-Pelvic Penetration Pain Disorder (GPPPD). Duk da yake waɗannan Disorders guda 2 sun shafi mata ne kaɗai, amma fa akwai tsananin buƙatan maza ma su fahimce su da kyau saboda su san yanda za su yi zaman lafiya tare da fahimtar juna da matan su idan suna dauke da waɗannan Disorders ɗin. Su kuma mata dama wajibi ne a gare su su san waɗannan Disorders din saboda sune ya shafa, wasu daga cikin su sun san su wasu kuma ba su san su ba.

Menene Pre-menstrual Disphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Bari mu fara zayyana alamomin PMDD guda 11 daga baya sai mu yi sharhi.

1. Saurin canzawan yanayin mace daga jin garau sai kawai ta ji bacin rai, ko kuma ta ji kawai tana so tayi kuka (marked affective lability).
2. Saurin yin fushi tare da hauhawan janyo husuma tsakanin ta da sauran mutane (marked irritability, anger, increased interpersonal conflicts). Hattara ga maigida: Dole sai ka ƙara haƙuri sosai da uwargida tare da kau da kai akan ire-iren abubuwan takala da za ta yi maka idan ta shiga wannan halin idan ba haka ba kuwa, to za kai ta yin dauki ba dadi da uwargida.
3. Jin rashin karsashi tare da cire rai (marked depressed mood & hopelessness).
4. Tsananin jin damuwa da ƙunci da taraddadi (marked anxiety and tension).
5. Raguwan sha’awan abubuwan da da take son yi wadanda suka shafi harkan wajen aiki, makaranta, ƙawaye, da dai sauran su (anhedonia).
6. Wahala a wajen tsayar da hankalinta da tunanin ta a waje ɗaya (subjective difficulty in concentration).
7. Rashin jin karsashi tare da tsanin gajiya koda kuwa bata yi aikin da ya cancanci jin irin wannan gajiyan ba (lethargy & fatigue).
8. Rashin cin abinci kaman yanda ta saba ko kuma cin abincin fiye da yanda ta saba ko kuma jin sha’awan cin wani abincin na musamman (marked change in appetite).
9. Canji a yanda take samun yin bacci a inda take kasa yin bacci sosai yanda ta saba ko kuma take yin baccin da ya wuce ƙima (hypersomnia or insomnia).
10. Jin kaman abubuwa sun yi mata katutu ko rashin sarrafuwa (overwhelmed or out of control).
11. Alamomin da ya shafi jiki (physical symptoms): Kumburin nono, jin kaman jikin ta ya kumbura ko kuma jin kaman ta ƙara ƙiba, sannan kuma jin tsananin ciwon jiki ko ciwon kai.

Domin samun cikakken ƙarin bayani a game da PMDD, ka nemi, ‘Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association)’ wanda za ka iya sauke shi daga wannan adireshin: https://t.me/elibrary_mobile/6658

What Is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)? https://www.verywellmind.com/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-4767096

Sai mace tana da aƙalla 5 daga cikin waɗannan alamomin 11 – aƙalla 1 ko fiye da haka daga cikin 1 – 4 hakanan 5 – 11 – sannan za a ce tana dauke da PMDD amma fa Psychiatrists ne suke iya ayyana cewa ko mace tana dauke PMDD ko a’a. Sannan kuma alamomin sai sun kasance sun bayyana a duk satin ƙarshe wanda mace take da tsarki kaman kwanaki 5 kafin ta fara al’ada sai kuma tsananin su ya ragu da zaran ta fara al’ada ko zuwa kwanaki 2 bayan ta fara al’adan ko kuma su bace kwata-kwata ko su ragu sosai a cikin satin farko bayan al’adan. Yawancin lokuta PMDD yana ɗaukan kwanaki 4 – 7 kafin ya tafi.

Bambanci Tsakanin PMDD Da Depression (Major Depressive Episode)

Alamomin nan guda 11 kusan dai su ne alamomin ciwon Depression ko kuma abin da ake kira da Major Depressive Episode (MDD) wanda zan yi cikakken bayani a game da shi a cikin rubutun da zan yi mai zuwa. Ɗaya daga cikin bambancin PMDD da MDD shine, MDD dole sai ya yi aƙalla sati 2 cif kafin akira alamomin cutan Depression MDD wani lokaci ma ya na iya kaiwa har wata 6 shi kuwa PMDD sati 1 yafi kaiwa sannan sai ya bace kwata-kwata bayan mace tayi tsarki. Sannan kuma hanyoyin da ake bi wajen magance su ma ya bambanta. Zai yiwu mace ta kasance tana dauke da PMDD da MDD duka a tare wato Comorbidity amma Psychiatrist ne kaɗai zai iya tantance hakan.

Ku saurari Dr. Ramani Durvasula (Professor na Clinical Psychology) a inda ta ƙara sharhi a kan waɗannan alamomin na PMDD mai suna, ‘The 11 Traits of PMDD [vs Depression]’.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rG4DJLG_uA

Bambanci Tsakanin PMDD Da Pre-menstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Yawancin mata sun fi sanin Pre-menstrual Syndrome (PMS) akan PMDD. Shi ma PMS, kaman PMDD wani yanayi ne da mata ke shiga wanda yake shafan dabi’un su, da kuma halayyan su har da ma lafiyan jikin su. Alamomin PMS da na PMDD kusan duka daya ne sai dai alamomin sun fi zafafa a PMDD. Alal misali, wasu masu dauke da PMDD har kwantar da su ake yi a asibiti saboda tsananin ciwon da suke ji a jikin su wasu kuma dole sai sun haɗa da shan maganin kashe zafi wato analgesics. Masu PMS suna iya jin ciwon kai ko ƙurjin fuska ya fito musu (pimples) da dai sauran alamomin PMDD wadanda na bayar a sama amma fa ba da ƙarfin da za su zo ma mai PMDD ba. Sannan kuma, PMS yana iya farawa ne daga sakin kwan mace (ovulation) har izuwa kwanaki 5 bayan al’adan ta ya iso, kusan yana kamawa sati 2 kenan kafin al’adanta ya zo ga wanda zagayowan al’adan ta (menstrual cycle) yake kamawa duk bayan sati 4, shi kuwa PMDD yana zuwa ne kimanin kwanaki 5 kafin zuwan al’ada. PMS yana kama kusan mata 48 %, shi kuwa PMDD yana kama kusan mata 3 – 8 % ne kawai kuma ba a jima sosai da gano shi ba. A taƙaice dai shi PMDD ya fi durƙusadda mace ta hanyan tauye yanda ta saba tafiyar da harkokin ta na yau da kullum. Budurwa ko kuma matan aure dukkan su za su iya samun PMDD ko PMS.

PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms, Treatments, and More: https://www.healthline.com/health/premenstrual-syndrome

Menene Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder (GPPPD)

Bari mu fara kawo alamomin GPPPD guda 4 daga baya sai mu yi sharhi.

1. Wahalan kwanciya da maigida ta gaban ta (vaginal penetration).
2. Jin matsanancin zafi a gaba ko ƙashin ƙugu a yayin kwanciya (vulvovaginal or pelvic pain)
3. Jin matsanancin tsoro ko fargaban jin zafi a gaba ko kuma ƙashin ƙugu a yayin kwanciya.
4. Matsanancin tsukewan ƙugu a sa’ilin da akayi yuƙurin kwanciya.

Macen da take da aƙalla 1 ko fiye da 1 daga cikin waɗannan alamomin ne ake cewa tana dauke da GPPPD. A baya (1994) wato a DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4^th edition), ana kiran waɗannan alamomin da suna Sexual Pain Disorders wadanda suka ƙunshi Dyspareunia (jin zafin kwanciya) da Vaginismus (tsukewan gaba ko ƙugu). Daga baya kuma a 2013, sai aka haɗe waɗannan Disorders din guda biyu a waje guda a ƙarƙashin GPPPD a cikin DSM-5. Daga waɗannan alamomin, zamu fahimci cewa duk macen da take dauke da GPPPD to za ta fuskanci zullumi da fargaban kwanciya wasu ma har abin ya kai ga sun tsani kwanciyan gabadaya. GPPPD yana iya samun matan aure ne bisa ga la’akari da alamomin shi wadanda duka suke tattare da kwanciya. Akwai wasu cututtukan daban da za su iya sa uwargida jin zafin kwanciya, likita ne kaɗai zai iya yankewa  shin GPPPD ne ko kuwa wani cutan ne na daban.

Shawara Ga Maigida

Ya zama wajibi akan maigida da ya fahimci alamomin PMDD sosai saboda idan ya kasance cewa uwargida tana da shi to sai ayi hanzarin zuwa ganin Psychiatrist. Sannan kuma idan Psychiatrist ya tabbatar mata da shi to sai ka sami calendar ka dunga ƙidayan sanda ake tsammanin zuwan shi domin a lallaba uwargida sannan kuma a kauce ma duk wani takala da uwargida za ta yi a cikin wannan lokacin da PMDD zai addabe ta (kwanaki 4 -7). Koda kuwa bata da PMDD, to idan tana da PMS ma ya kamata a kula da ita sosai idan alamomin sun bayyana ko ta samu sauƙin halin da ta shiga.

Idan kuwa ya kasance uwargida tana dauke da GPPPD, to fa dole sai maigida ya bi a hankali wajen kwanciya da iyali tare da yin haƙuri a wasu lokutan. Sannan kuma a je a ga likita domin akwai hanyoyin da za a bi wajen magance alamomin GPPPD.

Sai mun hadu a kashi na gaba mai taken:

Tsananin Fushi, Bala’in Kishi Da Kuma Depression: MDD, BD, BPD, OLD

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

 

Tagged : gpppd / mdd / mental disorder / mental health / pmdd / pms