Tag: mental disorder

Yanda Za Ka Gane Me Dauke Da Depression Ko Bipolar Disorder

by Salihu LukmanEducation / mental healthLeave a Comment on Yanda Za Ka Gane Me Dauke Da Depression Ko Bipolar Disorder

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Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

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Shin ko kai kana tsintan kan ka a cikin tsananin bakin ciki da damuwa da rashin kuzari mai tsawo daga baya kuma kwatsam sai ka ji tsabagen annashuwa da farin ciki mai yawa tare da jiye-jiye ko gane-gane ko daukan saurin fushi na wani lokaci? Wadannan da ma wasu alamonin da yawa zan tattauna su a wannan rubutun. Wasu suna rubuto min cewa suna tattare da da yawa daga cikin alamomin Mental Disorders din da nake bayyanawa sannan kuma ba sa son wadannan dabi’un ko halayyan na su amma kuma sun kasa yanda za su yi su daina, to ina mafita? Ku biyo ni domin samun gamsashshiyar amsa. Mental Disorders din da zan tattauna a yau suna cikin Mental Disorders din da suke cin mana tuwo a kwarya, sun addabi wasu daga cikin sashen mutanen mu amma kuma abin baqin ciki shine mutane ba su da isashshen ilimi akan su (lack of insight) ballantana su nemi irin taimakon da ya dace daga wajen Psychiatrists.

Mene Ake Nufi Da Depression?

Ba kaman yanda mutane suke fassara wannan kalman da cewa ciwon baqin ciki ba, fassaran wannan kalman ya fadada fiye da haka. Sau da yawa zaka ji mutum ya ce Depression ya kama ni da zaran wani abun baqin ciki ya same shi na dan wani lokaci ko kuma ya tashi ba ya jin annashuwa da kuzari. Da farko dai, Depression na daya daga cikin manyan Mental Disorders wanda zai iya tsayuwa da kafan shi shi kadai, ko kuma ya shiga cikin wasu Mental Disorders din. Yana daya daga cikin qungiyan Mental Disorders da ake kira Mood Disorders wadanda suke shafan yanda mutum yake jin fushi, ko karsashi, ko iya aikata ayyukan da ya saba yi na yau da kullum. Daya daga cikin babban illan shi idan ba a magance shi ba shine zai iya sa mutum ya ji ya gaji da rayuwar duniya gabadaya har ma ya iya neman daukan ran sa da kansa (suicide) ko kuma ya yi ta tunanin cewa ina ma dai da ace babu ransa ko kuma a wayi gari kawai ya mutu (suicidal ideation).

Depression ya kasu gida-gida, zan maida hankali akan Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) wanda aka fi sani da Clinical Depression.

Bari mu fara zayyana alamomin MDD guda 9 daga baya sai mu yi sharhin su.

  1. Jin bakin ciki tare da yanke qauna ko kuma jin kawai kana son yin kuka a kusan kullum (depressed mood & hopelessness).
  2. Raguwan sha’awan abubuwan da da ka ke son yi wadanda suka shafi dukkanin harkokin ka a kusan kullum (anhedonia).
  3. Rashin cin abinci kaman yanda ka saba ko kuma cin abincin fiye da yanda ka saba ko kuma rage qiba ba tare da kana dieting ba ko qara qiba (change in appetite & body weight).
  4. Canji a yanda ka ke samun yin bacci a inda ka ke kasa yin bacci sosai yanda ka saba ko kuma kake yin baccin da ya wuce ƙima kusan a kullum (hypersomnia or insomnia).
  5. Jin kazar-kazar ko kuma ka ji ba ka son tabuka komai da jikin ka kaman kasala (psychomotor agitation or retardation).
  6. Rashin jin karsashi ko jin tsananin gajiya koda kuwa ba ka yi aikin da ya cancanci jin irin wannan gajiyan ba kusan a kullum (fatigue or loss of energy).
  7. Jin cewa ba ka da amfani ko kuma yawan zargin kan ka da kan ka (worthlessness or guilt).
  8. Kasa hada hankalin ka ko tunanin ka waje guda ko kasa yanke hukunci kusan a kullum (lack of concentration & indecisiveness).
  9. Yawan yin tunanin mutuwa, ko tunanin da ma ace ka mutu, ko kuma yunqurin kashe kanka (suicidal ideation or suicide attempt).

Sai aqalla 5 daga cikin wadannan alamomi 9 sun tabbata kuma sun wanzu har sati 2 cikakke koma fiye da haka sannan kuma dole daya daga cikin alamomin ya kasance #1 ko #2. Akwai wanda zai iya kasancewa a cikin wadannan yanayi har shekara 1 a yara kenan ko kuma shekaru 2 a manya, a irin wannan yanayi, cutan ta tashi daga MDD ta zama Dysthymia.

Shin wanda MDD ya kama shi zai iya fahimtar haka wato zai samu insight har ma ya nemi agaji wajen Psychiatrist ko kuwa sai dai wani na kusa da shi wanda yake lura da sauyin yanayin sa kaman matan shi ko dan’uwan shi ko abokin shi ne zai iya gane halin da ya shiga? Saboda yanda MDD yake durqusar da rayuwan mutum, za ka cewa mutum shi da kanshi zai iya gane cewa fa duniyan shi na tafiya a bai-bai ko kuma sama ya koma qasa amma ba dole ne ya fahimci cewan MDD ne ya kama shi. Sai ya kasa gane kanshi gabadaya. ‘Yan abubuwan da da yake jin dadin yin su kaman na bangaren wasanni ko motsa jiki, ko hulda da mutane, ko karatu, ko aiki, ko fira da wasa da iyali, duk sai yaji sun fita a ransa. Sai yaga babu abinda yake so sai dai ya kwanta shi kadai kaman mutum-mutumi ba uhm ba uhm-uhm, da kyar ma wani lokacin zai iya tashi ya ci abinci ko yayi salla. Tsaftan jikin sa ma da na inda yake zaune sai ya gagare shi, sai kaga mutum ya koma zama cikin dauda a wani lokacin. Kila a da ya saba fita yin salla a masallaci sau 5 a rana, sai kawai ya ji baya son fita zuwa masallacin kuma tare da jin tsananin kasala ko kuma ciwon kai ko ciwon jiki wanda koda ace zai je asibiti domin a yi mai gwajin jinin shi wato test domin a gano ko akwai wata cuta ne a jikin shi, to babu abun da za a gani bayan shi kuma yasan cewa yana jin ciwo a jikin shi. Wani zai iya qauracema zuwa aiki ko makaranta kwata-kwata ko kuma ya dunga zabga lattin zuwa tare da rashin ba aikin ko karatun mahimmanci. Idan dalibi ne zai iya qin yin duk wani homework, ko test wani lokaci ma har examinations din zai iya guje musu, kunga dole ya sami carryover kenan. Idan kuma a wajen aiki ne zai iya qin yin aikin da aka bashi kwata-kwata ko kuma ya dunga kasancewa shi ne na kashin baya a wajen yin aikin da aka ba kowa sai ya yi wato missing deadlines. Daga qarshe, sai mutum ya ji ma cewa gabadaya duniyan ta ishe shi, ina ma dai ace bashi a duniyan, ina ma dai ace a wayi gari kawai sai aji cewa ya rasu, ina ma dai ace ya hallaka kanshi da kanshi domin ya yaye ma kanshi baqin cikin da ke damun shi. Idan ba a yi sa’a ba, sai kawai a wayi gari a ji cewa ai wane ya kashe kanshi ta hanyar rataye kanshi ko kuma shan guba ko kuma ta wani hanyar dabam, Allah Ya tsare. Tabbas wadannan alamomi ne a fili da mutanen da ke kusa da shi wanda MDD ya kama za su iya lura da wadannan sauye-sauyen a cikin rayuwan shi na yau da kullum kaman matan shi, abokin shi, iyayen shi, malamin shi da kuma shugaban shi a wajen aiki. A irin haka ne, sai wani lokaci mutane su yi zaton cewa wai anyi mai sihiri ne shi yasa duk wadannan sababbin dabi’un suka bayyana a gareshi. Ya zama wajibi ga duk wanda ya lura cewa dan’uwan sa ya sami kan sa a cikin wannan yanayin da ya agaje shi yayi saurin kai shi asibiti wajen Psychiatrist domin a duba lafiyan shi yanda ya kamata kafin abubuwan su tabarbare har ya kai ga cewa an kore a wajen aikin shi ko kuma a kore shi a makarantan gabadaya saboda yin fashi ko kuma rashin yin jarabawa a inda ya tara carryovers rututu. Kaman yanda na fada a baya cewa Depression yana shiga cikin wasu Mental Disorders da yawa, zan yi cikakken bayani akan kowani daya daga cikin su. Wani lokaci samun Depression yana nuni alaman cewa mutum yana dauke da wani Mental Disorder na daban kuma da ma yawancin Mental Disorders suna faruwa ne fiye da daya a mutum guda wato Comorbidity. Za ka iya samun mutum daya yana da Mental Disorders guda 2, 3, 5, 8, ko ma fiye da haka. Ya zama tilas ga duk dan’Adam ya fahimci alamomin Depression da kyau saboda ya iya kare kansa ko kuma wani nasa daga fadawa halaka.

Abubuwa da dama suke kawo Depression (in general, including MDD) kaman rashin daidaituwan wasu sinadarai (neurotransmitters) wanda suke rarraba saqo a cikin kwakwalwan mutum, ko kuma canje-canje na yawan sinadarin hormones (estrogen da progesterone) a jikin mace wanda zai iya yin sanadin samun PMDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder), ko kuma gado, ko rashin isashshen Vitamin D wanda yake sa qarfin qashi, ko shan kwaya, ko wasu cutan jiki (medical illnesses) kaman ciwon zuciya ko cancer. Ana iya samun sauqi sosai daga Depression saboda akwai magunguna da yawa za a iya ba mutum domin ya sami sauqin halin da ya shiga amma dole sai an sha maganin na wani tsawon lokaci sannan za a sami sauqin da ya kamata.

Depression yana iya samun yara haka ma manya amma ya fi samun mata akan maza sau 2. Saboda yanda yake shafan harkokin mutum, Depression na iya zafafa wadannan Medical Conditions din: arthritis, asthma, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity.

Ku saurari Dr. Ramani Durvasula (Professor na Clinical Psychology) a inda ta ƙara sharhi a kan waɗannan alamomin na MDD mai suna, ‘How to Spot Severe Depression vs Feeling Depressed’.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OzO8EAOEGJ8

Ka karanta wannan maqalan domin samun qarin bayani, ‘Everything You Need to Know About Depression (Major Depressive Disorder)’.

https://www.healthline.com/health/depression

Yaya Bipolar Disorder Yake?

Shi ma Bipolar Disorder (BD) yana daya daga cikin Mood Disorders, wato gidan su daya da Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) ko kuma abin da muka fi kira da Depression. Ba kasancewa ma gidan su daya ba kawai, ‘yan daki daya ne saboda shi Bipolar a mafi yawancin lokuta za ka ga cewa yana qunshe da MDD a cikin alamomin shi tare da Mania ko kuma Hypomania, zan yi bayanin wadannan kalmomin a qasa tare da alamomin su. A mafi yawancin lokuta, Bipolar na sa mutum ne ya dunga tsilla-tsilla a tsakanin Mania (tsananin jin garau tare da kazar-kazar da jin kai da ma jiye-jiye ko gane-gane) da Major Depression Episode (MDD) wanda na yi cikakken bayanin shi a sama. Hypomania, qanin Mania ne domin shi alamomin shi ba sa zafafa kaman na Mania sannan kuma babu jiye-jiye ko gane-gane (Psychosis).

Mania

Alamomin Mania wato Manic Episode sun qunshi:

  1. Ji-ji da kai da qafafa da sawa a ranka cewa kai wani ne (grandiosity). A wannan halin, mutum zai iya jiye-jiye ko gane-gane (psychosis) har ma a wani lokaci yace Allah Ya yi magana da shi kuma Ya ce mai yayi abubuwa kaza da kaza domin ya ceci al’umma (grandiose delusion). A wani lokaci, mutum zai iya jin cewa shi na musamman ne kaman wani superhero ko yace shi ne mahadin da zai zo qarshen zamani ko yace shi annabi ne. Ko ya nemi matsayin da yafi qarfin shi kaman yace zai tsaya takaran shugaban qasa bayan cewa matsayin shi a cikin mutane ba zai taba samun irin wannan martaban ba kaman yanda Kanye West wani shaharren mawaqi baqin fata ya yi a America saboda yana dauke da Bipolar Disorder. Shin kuna ganin cewa wannan misalin za iya hadaw da ‘yan takaran shugaban qasa wadanda ko quri’a daya ba sa samu a zaben fidda gwani wato Primary Election na Party din su?
  2. Rashin buqatan yin bacci tare da jin garau kuma koda kuwa mutum baccin awa 3 kadai ya samu a rana. A wani lokaci ma mutum zai iya yin sati 1 cur ba tare da ya runtsa ba kwata-kwata kuma ya ji shi garau babu wani matsala (decreased need for sleep). Yawancin lokuta wannan alaman ne yake nuna cewa an fara shiga Mania daga baya sai sauran alamun su biyo shi.
  3. Tadi ko jin yin magana kaman an kunna rediyo (talkative)
  4. Kasa tsayar da tunani a waje daya sai mutum ya yi ta jin tunani kala-kala nau’i-nau’i suna ta karakaina a cikin kwakwalwan shi (flight of ideas).
  5. Saurin dauke hankali da saurin shagala da abu mara amfani (distractibility).
  6. Jin qarfi fiye da qima, saurin fusata (irritable mood) ko qara yin ayyukan da suke sa a cimma wani manufa a cikin mutane, ko makaranta, ko wajen aiki (increase in goal-directed activity). A cikin wannan yanayi, za ka ga mutum ya duqufa ka’in da na’in wajen aiwatar da ayyukan da za su sa ya cimma wani buri kaman yawan rubuce-rubuce masu matuqar amfani, ko duqufa a kan wani karatu ko bada himma sosai a wajen aiki.
  7. Qaruwan ayyukan da za su iya cutar da mutum kaman kashe-kashen kudi ba tunani, saduwa, kasuwancin bogi (impulsivity). Mutum zai iya qin zuwa wajen aiki kaman na sati 1 ko 2 sai ya je ya kama daki a hotel mai shegen tsada (presidential suite) har sai ya kashe duk ‘yan kudin da ya tara a banza a wofi sannan ya dawo babu ko taro. Zai kuma iya yin kyautar duk abin da ya mallaka shi kuma ya koma abin tausayi. A wani lokaci kuma mutum zai shiga cinikayyar bogi a inda za a damfare shi duka kudaden shi. Mace za ta iya shiga karuwanci.

Alamomin Hypomania sun qunshi duka alamomin Mania guda 7 na sama sai dai banda jiye-jiye ko gane-gane wato Psychosis sannan sauran alamomin ba su da qarfin da suke da shi irin na Mania. Sannan kuma alamomin Mania suna wanzuwa ne a kullum har zuwa aqalla kwanaki 7 ko sama da haka su kuwa na Hypomania suna wanzuwa ne aqalla kwanaki 4 ko sama da haka. Wato a taqaice dai Hypomania qanin Mania ne. Sannan duk wadannan alamomin sai ya kasance cewa ba wani ciwon jiki bane wato Medical Condition ko wani magani ko kwaya ya kawo su.

Bipolar I Da Bipolar II

Bipolar Disorder ya kasu zuwa gida biyu ne Bipolar I da Bipolar II. Bipolar I shine wanda ya qunshi faruwan Mania (aqalla alamomi 3 daga ciki) sannan kuma suka wanzu har aqalla kwanaki 7 zuwa sama da haka ko da kuwa sau 1 hakan ya faru a rayuwan mutum. A wani lokaci mai Bipolar I zai iya samun Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) ko Hypomania amma ba dole bane.

Shi kuma Bipolar II ya qunshi Hypomania tare da Major Depressive Episode (MDD). Dole mai dauke da Bipolar II ya kasance ya taba samun MDD a rayuwarsa kafin a ce yana dauke da Bipolar II. Sannan a duk sanda ya sami Mania, to ya tashi daga Bipolar II ya koma Bipolar I ko da sau 1 a rayuwarsa.

A taqaice dai kusan MDD ya shiga cikin Bipolar I & II amma ba dole ne a same shi a wajen mai Bipolar I ba amma dole ya kasance a wanda yake da Bipolar II. Mai Bipolar yana canzawa ne a tsakanin Mania ko Hypomania izuwa Depression, haka abin zai ta jujjuyawa lokaci bayan lokaci. Amma Bipolar II ya fi samun Depression yana maimaituwa mashi ko kuma ya kasance ya jima sosai. A wani lokacin kuma, Mania ko Hypomania na iya haduwa da Depression.

Akwai magungunan da ake ba masu Bipolar Disorder domin su sassaita musu matsalolin da suke samu a lokacin Depression ko Mania ko Hypomania. Sai a tuntube Psychiatrist idan ana zaton cewa mutum na dauke da Bipolar. A wani lokacin, Depression din ne zai fara addaban mutum sosai kafin ya samu Mania. Da zaran kuwa ya samu Mania ko Hypomania, to sai ciwon na shi ya tashi daga MDD zuwa Bipolar I ko Bipolar II. Ba a cewa mutum na dauke da MDD tare da Bipolar sai dai ace MDD kawai idan babu Mania ko Hypomania ko kuma a ce Bipolar kawai da zaran an gano cewa ya taba samun Mania ko Hypomania. Sannan kuma a wani lokaci akan iya samun rudani a tsakanin alamomin ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) da na Bipolar saboda alamomin Mania na iya kama da na ADHD. Idan aka je wajen Psychiatrist, shi zai iya tantancewa a tsakanin su duk da yake cewa mutum daya zai iya kasancewa yana dauke da Bipolar Disorder tare da ADHD. Daga qarshe, bincike ya nuna cewa ana iya gadon Bipolar Disorder sosai.

Domin samun qarin bayani, ka kalli wannan bidiyon wanda wani kwararren Psychiatrist mai suna Dr. Domenick Sportelli ya yi mai taken, ‘What Is Bipolar Disorder?’.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3lox1FC4zPM

Domin samun taqaitaccen bayani akan Depression da Bipolar disorder, ka kalli bidiyon Dr. Maryam Almustapha mai suna, ‘Depression, Mania, Bipolar’.

https://www.tiktok.com/@drmaryamm_a/video/7153317883349699842?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc&web_id=7142501723353286146

Za ka iya karanta wannan maqalan mai suna, ‘Everything You Need to Know About Bipolar Disorder’.

https://www.healthline.com/health/bipolar-disorder

Sai mun hadu a kashi na gaba mai taken:

Tsananin Fushi, Bala’in Kishi: Borderline Personality Disorder & Obsessive Love Disorder

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

 

 

 

 

 

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Mental Disorders Waɗanda Suka Shafi Mata Kaɗai: PMDD & GPPPD

by Salihu LukmanEducation / mental health2 Comments on Mental Disorders Waɗanda Suka Shafi Mata Kaɗai: PMDD & GPPPD

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Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

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Sanannen abu ne cewa halittan ‘ya mace ya bambanta da na ɗa namiji a inda za mu ga cewa su mata suna yin al’ada (menses) a kusan duk wata daya sannan kuma suna da kafa ta inda da yake bi ya fito. A sakamakon haka, suna da wasu Mental Disorders da suka kebanta da su kaɗai waɗanda su ke da alaƙa da al’adan su wato Pre-menstrual Disphoric Disorder (PMDD) da kuma yanayin gaban su wato Genito-Pelvic Penetration Pain Disorder (GPPPD). Duk da yake waɗannan Disorders guda 2 sun shafi mata ne kaɗai, amma fa akwai tsananin buƙatan maza ma su fahimce su da kyau saboda su san yanda za su yi zaman lafiya tare da fahimtar juna da matan su idan suna dauke da waɗannan Disorders ɗin. Su kuma mata dama wajibi ne a gare su su san waɗannan Disorders din saboda sune ya shafa, wasu daga cikin su sun san su wasu kuma ba su san su ba.

Menene Pre-menstrual Disphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Bari mu fara zayyana alamomin PMDD guda 11 daga baya sai mu yi sharhi.

  1. Saurin canzawan yanayin mace daga jin garau sai kawai ta ji bacin rai, ko kuma ta ji kawai tana so tayi kuka (marked affective lability).
  2. Saurin yin fushi tare da hauhawan janyo husuma tsakanin ta da sauran mutane (marked irritability, anger, increased interpersonal conflicts). Hattara ga maigida: Dole sai ka ƙara haƙuri sosai da uwargida tare da kau da kai akan ire-iren abubuwan takala da za ta yi maka idan ta shiga wannan halin idan ba haka ba kuwa, to za kai ta yin dauki ba dadi da uwargida.
  3. Jin rashin karsashi tare da cire rai (marked depressed mood & hopelessness).
  4. Tsananin jin damuwa da ƙunci da taraddadi (marked anxiety and tension).
  5. Raguwan sha’awan abubuwan da da take son yi wadanda suka shafi harkan wajen aiki, makaranta, ƙawaye, da dai sauran su (anhedonia).
  6. Wahala a wajen tsayar da hankalinta da tunanin ta a waje ɗaya (subjective difficulty in concentration).
  7. Rashin jin karsashi tare da tsanin gajiya koda kuwa bata yi aikin da ya cancanci jin irin wannan gajiyan ba (lethargy & fatigue).
  8. Rashin cin abinci kaman yanda ta saba ko kuma cin abincin fiye da yanda ta saba ko kuma jin sha’awan cin wani abincin na musamman (marked change in appetite).
  9. Canji a yanda take samun yin bacci a inda take kasa yin bacci sosai yanda ta saba ko kuma take yin baccin da ya wuce ƙima (hypersomnia or insomnia).
  10. Jin kaman abubuwa sun yi mata katutu ko rashin sarrafuwa (overwhelmed or out of control).
  11. Alamomin da ya shafi jiki (physical symptoms): Kumburin nono, jin kaman jikin ta ya kumbura ko kuma jin kaman ta ƙara ƙiba, sannan kuma jin tsananin ciwon jiki ko ciwon kai.

Domin samun cikakken ƙarin bayani a game da PMDD, ka nemi, ‘Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association)’ wanda za ka iya sauke shi daga wannan adireshin: https://t.me/elibrary_mobile/6658

What Is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)? https://www.verywellmind.com/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-4767096

Sai mace tana da aƙalla 5 daga cikin waɗannan alamomin 11 – aƙalla 1 ko fiye da haka daga cikin 1 – 4 hakanan 5 – 11 – sannan za a ce tana dauke da PMDD amma fa Psychiatrists ne suke iya ayyana cewa ko mace tana dauke PMDD ko a’a. Sannan kuma alamomin sai sun kasance sun bayyana a duk satin ƙarshe wanda mace take da tsarki kaman kwanaki 5 kafin ta fara al’ada sai kuma tsananin su ya ragu da zaran ta fara al’ada ko zuwa kwanaki 2 bayan ta fara al’adan ko kuma su bace kwata-kwata ko su ragu sosai a cikin satin farko bayan al’adan. Yawancin lokuta PMDD yana ɗaukan kwanaki 4 – 7 kafin ya tafi.

Bambanci Tsakanin PMDD Da Depression (Major Depressive Episode)

Alamomin nan guda 11 kusan dai su ne alamomin ciwon Depression ko kuma abin da ake kira da Major Depressive Episode (MDD) wanda zan yi cikakken bayani a game da shi a cikin rubutun da zan yi mai zuwa. Ɗaya daga cikin bambancin PMDD da MDD shine, MDD dole sai ya yi aƙalla sati 2 cif kafin akira alamomin cutan Depression MDD wani lokaci ma ya na iya kaiwa har wata 6 shi kuwa PMDD sati 1 yafi kaiwa sannan sai ya bace kwata-kwata bayan mace tayi tsarki. Sannan kuma hanyoyin da ake bi wajen magance su ma ya bambanta. Zai yiwu mace ta kasance tana dauke da PMDD da MDD duka a tare wato Comorbidity amma Psychiatrist ne kaɗai zai iya tantance hakan.

Ku saurari Dr. Ramani Durvasula (Professor na Clinical Psychology) a inda ta ƙara sharhi a kan waɗannan alamomin na PMDD mai suna, ‘The 11 Traits of PMDD [vs Depression]’.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rG4DJLG_uA

Bambanci Tsakanin PMDD Da Pre-menstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Yawancin mata sun fi sanin Pre-menstrual Syndrome (PMS) akan PMDD. Shi ma PMS, kaman PMDD wani yanayi ne da mata ke shiga wanda yake shafan dabi’un su, da kuma halayyan su har da ma lafiyan jikin su. Alamomin PMS da na PMDD kusan duka daya ne sai dai alamomin sun fi zafafa a PMDD. Alal misali, wasu masu dauke da PMDD har kwantar da su ake yi a asibiti saboda tsananin ciwon da suke ji a jikin su wasu kuma dole sai sun haɗa da shan maganin kashe zafi wato analgesics. Masu PMS suna iya jin ciwon kai ko ƙurjin fuska ya fito musu (pimples) da dai sauran alamomin PMDD wadanda na bayar a sama amma fa ba da ƙarfin da za su zo ma mai PMDD ba. Sannan kuma, PMS yana iya farawa ne daga sakin kwan mace (ovulation) har izuwa kwanaki 5 bayan al’adan ta ya iso, kusan yana kamawa sati 2 kenan kafin al’adanta ya zo ga wanda zagayowan al’adan ta (menstrual cycle) yake kamawa duk bayan sati 4, shi kuwa PMDD yana zuwa ne kimanin kwanaki 5 kafin zuwan al’ada. PMS yana kama kusan mata 48 %, shi kuwa PMDD yana kama kusan mata 3 – 8 % ne kawai kuma ba a jima sosai da gano shi ba. A taƙaice dai shi PMDD ya fi durƙusadda mace ta hanyan tauye yanda ta saba tafiyar da harkokin ta na yau da kullum. Budurwa ko kuma matan aure dukkan su za su iya samun PMDD ko PMS.

PMS: Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms, Treatments, and More: https://www.healthline.com/health/premenstrual-syndrome

Menene Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder (GPPPD)

Bari mu fara kawo alamomin GPPPD guda 4 daga baya sai mu yi sharhi.

  1. Wahalan kwanciya da maigida ta gaban ta (vaginal penetration).
  2. Jin matsanancin zafi a gaba ko ƙashin ƙugu a yayin kwanciya (vulvovaginal or pelvic pain)
  3. Jin matsanancin tsoro ko fargaban jin zafi a gaba ko kuma ƙashin ƙugu a yayin kwanciya.
  4. Matsanancin tsukewan ƙugu a sa’ilin da akayi yuƙurin kwanciya.

Macen da take da aƙalla 1 ko fiye da 1 daga cikin waɗannan alamomin ne ake cewa tana dauke da GPPPD. A baya (1994) wato a DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition), ana kiran waɗannan alamomin da suna Sexual Pain Disorders wadanda suka ƙunshi Dyspareunia (jin zafin kwanciya) da Vaginismus (tsukewan gaba ko ƙugu). Daga baya kuma a 2013, sai aka haɗe waɗannan Disorders din guda biyu a waje guda a ƙarƙashin GPPPD a cikin DSM-5. Daga waɗannan alamomin, zamu fahimci cewa duk macen da take dauke da GPPPD to za ta fuskanci zullumi da fargaban kwanciya wasu ma har abin ya kai ga sun tsani kwanciyan gabadaya. GPPPD yana iya samun matan aure ne bisa ga la’akari da alamomin shi wadanda duka suke tattare da kwanciya. Akwai wasu cututtukan daban da za su iya sa uwargida jin zafin kwanciya, likita ne kaɗai zai iya yankewa  shin GPPPD ne ko kuwa wani cutan ne na daban.

Shawara Ga Maigida

Ya zama wajibi akan maigida da ya fahimci alamomin PMDD sosai saboda idan ya kasance cewa uwargida tana da shi to sai ayi hanzarin zuwa ganin Psychiatrist. Sannan kuma idan Psychiatrist ya tabbatar mata da shi to sai ka sami calendar ka dunga ƙidayan sanda ake tsammanin zuwan shi domin a lallaba uwargida sannan kuma a kauce ma duk wani takala da uwargida za ta yi a cikin wannan lokacin da PMDD zai addabe ta (kwanaki 4 -7). Koda kuwa bata da PMDD, to idan tana da PMS ma ya kamata a kula da ita sosai idan alamomin sun bayyana ko ta samu sauƙin halin da ta shiga.

Idan kuwa ya kasance uwargida tana dauke da GPPPD, to fa dole sai maigida ya bi a hankali wajen kwanciya da iyali tare da yin haƙuri a wasu lokutan. Sannan kuma a je a ga likita domin akwai hanyoyin da za a bi wajen magance alamomin GPPPD.

Sai mun hadu a kashi na gaba mai taken:

Tsananin Fushi, Bala’in Kishi Da Kuma Depression: MDD, BD, BPD, OLD

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

 

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Menene Mental Health Da Kuma Mental Disorders Tare Da Jiga-Jigan Misalai

by Salihu LukmanEducation / mental health1 Comment on Menene Mental Health Da Kuma Mental Disorders Tare Da Jiga-Jigan Misalai

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Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

Gabatarwa

Bayan na fitar da maqala ta a game da ciwon aljanu a inda na tabbatar da cewa alamomin da muke gani wadanda muke yanke cewa mutum na dauke da ciwon aljanu, to wadannan alamomi ne na wani Mental Disorder mai suna Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) wanda aka fi sani da Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) a da. Yanayin saqonnin da na samu a game da wannan matsala ya qara tabbatar min da cewa mutane suna da qarancin wayewa a game da ilimin Mental Health wato lafiyan halayya (emotional) da kuma dabi’un (psychological) dan’Adam. A sabili da haka ne na ga dacewar in yi rubutu kashi-kashi a game da Mental Health tare da Mental Disorder wanda yake nufin gamayyan wasu alamomi wadanda suke yin illa ga yanda ka ke tsinkayan abubuwa (feel) da kuma yanda ka ke tunani (think).

Kaman yanda mafi yawancin ku ku ka sani ne cewa ni ba likita ba ne, ni Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a jami’an da ake kira University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Amma kasancewa na zauna da mutane da yawa masu Mental Disorders a inda har ma na ke daukan wasu in kai su asibiti wajen Psychiatrist (likitan dabi’u da halayyar dan’Adam) da kaina domin nema musu lafiya tare da cewa kuma ni mai sha’awa ne da bincike a game da Mental Disorders, hakan ya bani daman fahimtar wadannan matsalolin sosai. Saboda haka, duk wani Mental Disorder da zan yi tsokaci akai a cikin wadannan rubuce-rubucen da zan yi, to matsaloli ne wadanda na sansu sosai kuma na yi mu’amala da masu irin matsalolin na qut da qut ba wai kawai na karanta su bane ko kuma naji anyi bayanin su, a’a. Saboda haka, kaman yanda na yi kutse a bangaren ciwon sukari wato Diabetes saboda nima na taba samun cutan amma kuma na warke, har ta kai ga cewa na shiryar da mutane da dama da taimakon Allah (SWA) hanyar da za su bi domin su yaye kansu daga shan magani kuma su samu waraka ta hanyan kiyaye abin da za su ci tare da motsa jiki, ina fatan ma a wannan karon cewa Allah (SWA) zai albarkaci wadannan rubuce-rubucen da zan yi a game da Mental Disorders har mutane su ilmantu sosai domin kare Mental Health din su yanda ya kamata.

Menene Mental Disorder?

Kaman yanda na fara bayani a sama cewa Mental Disorder yana nufin tattaruwan wasu alamomi wadanda suke iya jirkitadda yanayin da mutum yake tsinkayan abubuwa da kuma yanda ya ke tunani  da mu’amala da mutane. Irin wadannan alamomin suna saka mutum ya shiga cikin matsanancin damuwa (subjective distress) sannan kuma suna janyo matsala ko naqasa (impairment) a game da yanda mutum yake mu’amala da iyalin shi ko ‘yan’uwan shi (wato a gida), da abokan aikin shi ko kuma abokan karantun shi (pervasive). Irin wadannan alamomin za su iya jimawa mutum yana fuskantan su (persistent), ko kuma a wani lokaci sai su zo gadan-gadan kaman saukan ruwan sama (relapse) daga baya kuma sai su yi likimo kaman anyi ruwan an dauke (remission). A wani sa’in ma sau daya kacal za su faru (single episode).

Manyan abubuwan da suke kawo Mental Disorders sun hada da gado (genetics), yanayin muhallin da mutum ya taso (environment), dabi’un yau da kullum da aka dora mutum akai (daily habits), da kuma yanayin halittan mutum (biology). Domin qarin bayani, ka kalli bidiyon Dr. Maryam Almustapha.

https://www.tiktok.com/@drmaryamm_a/video/7152750984563903745?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc&web_id=7142501723353286146

Manyan Alamomi 17 Da Ke Nuna Cewa Kana Dauke Da Mental Disorder

  1. Matsanancin damuwa ko tsoro (extreme worry or fear)
  2. Matsanancin baqin ciki ko rashin kuzari (extremely sad or down)
  3. Kasa maida hankali waje guda har mutum ya kasa fahimtar karatu ko kuma abin da yake karatawa (disorganized thinking or difficulty concentrating and learning)
  4. Kwatsam, sai mutum ya ji tsananin farin ciki da annashuwa har na zuwa aqalla kwanaki 4 tare da yin ayyukan bazata kaman almubazzaranci, ko karuwanci wadanda za su iya cutar da mutum. (mania)
  5. Jimawa kana jin matsanancin haushi yanda ana tabo ka sai bala’i (sustained or intense feelings or irritability or anger)
  6. Guje ma abokai ko ‘yan’uwa ko qin yin mu’amalan da mutum ya saba yi da mutane ko a ayyukan sa na yau da kullum (avoiding friends or relatives and social activity)
  7. Kasa fahimtar yanda zakayi mu’amala da mutane yanda ya dace (difficulties understanding or relating to other people)
  8. Canji a yanda mutum yake samun yin bacci a inda mutum yake kasa yin bacci sosai yanda ya saba ko kuma yake yin baccin da ya wuce qima tare da rashin kuzari da kuma yawan jin tsananin gajiya koda kuwa bakayi aikin gajiya ba (sleep disturbance and fatigue)
  9. Rashin cin abinci kaman yanda ka saba ko kuma cin abincin fiye da yanda ka saba (changes in eating habits)
  10. Qarin kuzari ko kuma rashin shi a gado (changes in sex drive)
  11. Kasa banbance zahiri tare da yin jiye-jiye ko gane-ganen abubuwan da babu su a zahiri tare da yarda da imani da abinda ba zai taba yiyuwa ba a zahiri (psychosis: hallucination and delusion)
  12. Rashin fahimtar cewa ka canza a yanda ka saba sannan kuma dabi’un ka sun canza ko sun tabarbare (lack of insight)
  13. Yin tatil da giya da kuma tunanin ta a kodayaushe ko kuma shan kwaya ko kuma shan magani har ya wuce qiman da ya kamata (drug abuse)
  14. Yawan yin ciwon kai ko ciwon ciki ko ciwon da mutum ba ma zai iya siffanta shi ba takamaimai sannan kuma koda anje asibiti akayi gwaji ba za a ga wani matsala ba (somatic complaints)
  15. Tunanin cutadda kanka ko kuma tunanin kashe kanka (self-harm or suicidality)
  16. Tsananin damuwan yin qiba ko kuma yanda suran mutum yake (dysmorphic)
  17. Kasa mu’amala da mutane ko kuma kasa yin aiki yanda mutum ya saba na yau da kullum ko kuma kasa jure gwagwarmayan rayuwa na yau da kullum saboda wadannan matsalolin 1 – 16. (socioeconomic dysfunction)

Idan kaga cewa daya ko kuma fiye da daya daga cikin wadannan manyan alamomin Mental Disorders sun tabbata a gare ka kuma ba tare da bayan ka sha kwaya bane sannan kuma baka da wani matsala na jiki wato physical illness, to ya kamata ka ga Psychiatrist ko Clinical Psychologist domin ya duba ka yanda ya kamata.

Idan kana neman cikakken sharhin wadannan alamomin, to ka kalli bidiyon Dr. Fox (kwararren Clinical Psychologist) mai suna, ‘17 Signs You Could Have a Mental Illness’.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtBWqBenNQE&list=LL&index=68

Misalai Na Mental Disorders

Mu sani cewa akwai sama da 300 Mental Disorders wadanda aka tabbatar da su a likitance kuma sun bambamta da junan su wajen tsanani (severity) da kuma yanda suke saka damuwa (subjective distress) da naqasa (impairment) ga mai dauke su. Shin ko ka san cewa in’ina wato stammering ko stuttering yana daga cikin Mental Disorders? Ana kiran in’ina wanda mutum ya fara a yarinta Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder (COFD). Mutum zai iya samun waraka gabaki daya daga Mental Disorder kaman in’ina ya na bacewa kwata-kwata wani lokaci idan mutum ya girma ko kuma ya ragu sosai. Wasu Mental Disorders din kuma sai dai mutum ya fahimce su da kyau sannan kuma ya koyi yanda zai dunga kiyayewa idan alamomin sun taso mai ranga-ranga (Psychotherapy). A wasu lokutan ma har magani ake bayar wa ko kuma a gasa kwakwalwan (Electro-convulsive therapy – ECT). Amma fa ku sani da cewa ba a dakatar da shan maganin Mental Disorders tashi guda, sai dai a rage a hankali a hankali (tapering) kaman yanda Psychiatrist zai bada shawara idan buqatan hakan ta kama. Kuma yawanci ana shan su ne na tsawon lokaci, wasu wata 6, wasu har shekaru ma, wasu kuma muddin rai.

Ga wasu daga cikin alamomin Mental Disorders tare da ainihin sunayen su.

  1. Tsananin jin tsoro tare da fargaba idan mutum ya ga kyankyaso, gizo-gizo, bera, ko yin allura, ko hawa jirgin sama da dai sauran su (Phobia)
  2. Shiga matsanancin damuwa da mata ke yi a cikin satin qarshe kafin zuwan al’adan su a inda za a lura cewa wani abu na damun su sosai wasu har da ciwon gabbai da tsoka, tare da rashin iya maida hankali da saurin gajiya ko rashin jin qarfi sosai, ga saurin jin haushi da yin fada ko a gida ko a wajen aiki da dai sauran su (Pre-menstrual Dysphoric Disorder – PMDD). Ya kamata maza su laqanci alamomin wannan disorder din saboda kiyaye uwargida idan tana da shi, idan kuma ba haka ba, to za ayi dauki ba dadi. ☺️
  3. Kasa samun bacci gabadaya ko kuma yin baccin dan kadan da daddare amma kuma gari na wayewa sai ka ji baccin ya zo. Idan ma zaka sami dama zaka iya yin bacci ma’ishi tun safe har rana koma zuwa yamma (Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndrome – DSPS, daya daga cikin bangaren Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorder).
  4. Yaro mai tsilla-tsilla wanda baya iya zama wuri guda a yanayin da ake da buqatan yin hakan, kuma baya iya yin wasa shiru ba tare da yana iface-iface ba da zabure-zabure. Kuma a makaranta ma yana yawan tsilla-tsilla a cikin ji koda kuwa akwai malami a ciki kuma yana da yawan wasa da hannun shi yayi tabe-tabe ko kuma qafan shi ga yawan guje-guje da tadi da batar da kayayyakin shi da rashin tsayar da hankali a wajen karatu ga saurin bada amsa a cikin aji koda kuwa ba a tambaye shi ba (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder – ADHD).
  5. Mai qa’ida, mai taurin kai wanda idan ya kafe a abu, to babu mai iya daga shi, mai tsananin kiyaye mutunci tare da bin dokoki sau da qafa, ga maqo (shi bai ci ba kuma bai bayar an ci ba) ko kuma tsantseni wajen kashe kudi. Sannan ya na da qoqarin ganin cewa duk wani aiki sai an yi shi batare da wani kuskure ba (Mr. Perfect), kuma wani lokaci ma garin neman ayi aiki dari bisa dari sai kuma a kasa gama aikin akan lokaci. Kuma ba shi da daga qafa, duk dokan da ya gindaya to dole a bishi a haka babu sassauci tare da son cewa sai anyi abu a yanda yake so ko ya tsara (bossy). Sannan kuma agogo ne sarkin aiki (workaholic), a office aiki, a gida aiki, hatta weekend har ma abin ya kai ga cewa iyali ma basa samun lokacin shi yanda ya kamata domin yin fira ko kuma fita shaqatawa a waje, babu abin da yafi darjantawa irin aikin shi (Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder – OCPD). Wannan daban ne da mai OCD.
  6. Tsananin ji da kai da ganin cewa shi na musamman ne (grandiosity) da kuma matuqar son a yaba mai koda kuwa bai cancanci yabon ba tare da nuna halin ko in kula da yanayin da mutum ke ciki na buqata ko damuwa (lack of empathy). Sannan kuma yana amfani da yaudara wajen cin ma burin shi, ga tsananin ji-ji da kai (arrogant) da hassada da neman ganin bayan mutum (Narcissistic Personality Disorder – NPD).

Domin samun cikakken qarin bayani a kan wadannan Mental Disorders din da kuma yanda ake sarrafa su, ka nemi, ‘Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association)’ wanda za ka iya sauke shi daga wannan adireshin: https://t.me/elibrary_mobile/6658

Idan ka ga cewa kana dauke da daya daga cikin wadannan Mental Disorders din guda 6 tum ma ba 2-6 ba, to yakamata kaje kaga Psychiatrist domin ya binciki lafiyan ka da kyau. Mu sani cewa lafiya fa ba shine rashin cuta a jiki ba kaman ace jiwon kai, ciki, hawan jinni, sukari wato physical illness kenan, lafiya ta qunshi rashin physical illness da kuma rashin Mental Illness ko Mental Disorder. Saboda haka, samun dawwamammen Mental Health yana da matuqar muhimmanci saboda rashin shi zai iya haddasa ma mutum physical illness da yawa. Sai mu kula. Mental Disorder shi ne dai ake kira Mental Illness, ko Psychological Disorder ko Psychiatric Disorder.

Wanene Yakamata Ya Duba Mai Mental Disorder?

Da zaran mutum ya fuskanci cewa yana dauke da wani Mental Disorder ko kuwa wani nashi ne yake dauke da shi ko kuma daya daga cikin alamomin da na zayyana a sama (1-17)  sun bayyana sai a garzaya zuwa asibiti domin a ga likitan dabi’u da halayyan dan’Adam wato Psychiatrist. A wasu garuruwan, babu Psychiatrist kwata-kwata, a irin wannan yanayi, sai ka nemi Clinical Psychologist idan za ka samu amma dai Psychiatrist ne yafi cancanta mutum ya gani da farko kafin ganin Clinical Psychologist.

Domin qarin bayani a game da wasu daga cikin abubuwan da na tattauna, ka karanta wannan maqalan mai taken, ‘Mental Health Basics: Types of Mental Illness, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More’. https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health

Sai mun hadu a kashi na gaba mai taken:

Wasu Daga Cikin Mental Disorders Wadanda Suka Shafi Mata Kadai: PMDD & GPPPD

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

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Amsoshin da na ba wani a game da ciwon aljanu

by Salihu LukmanEducationLeave a Comment on Amsoshin da na ba wani a game da ciwon aljanu

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Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

Mai sharhi: “Ba ina kore abinda kake da’awar shi ba amma bayanen ka ya nuna baka da ilmin ruqya a karkashin koyarwar masana da halayyar Aljanu.”

Amsa ta: Da’awar ka na cewa ba ni da ilmin ruqya a karkashin koyarwar masana da halayyar aljanu ba gaskiya ba ne. Daga jin zancen ka, baka sanni ba kuma baka san tarihin karatuna ba a wannan fagen. Ba wai ina cewa ni wani malamin ruqya ba ne, amma na sami horaswa akan ruqya daidai gwargwado tun sanda batun ruqya ya fara yaduwa a cikin mutane wato wajen 93-94, ban sani ba ko an haife ka a wannan lokacin saboda na ga kaman kai matashi ne.

Na fara samun horaswa na ilimin aljanu ne a wajen Mal. Idris Salihu wanda ke Kwarbai a cikin birnin Zaria wanda daga bisani limamin mu wato Mal. Ahmad Harun (limamin masallacin Dansabo wanda take a Lemu Zaria City) ya qara mana wannan ilimin tare da dabbaqawa. Wannan duk ya faru ne a tsakanin 93-95 muna matasa. Daga baya kuma da na fara halartan karatuttukan marigayi Mal. Albani Zaria wanda yafi kowani malami shahara wajen yada ilimin aljanu a Zaria a iya sani na. Shima ya karantar damu littafin ruqya wanda a lokacin itace littafin da tafi kowane littafi yin bayani akan ruqya wato Assarimulbattar sannan kuma ya hada mana da Wiqayatul Insan duka na Wahid Abdussalam Bali. Wannan bayan ya yi ta yin seminars a Kongo Campus a inda yake qara ilmantarwa a game da aljanu da ruqya tare da yi a aikace. Duk wadannan karatuttukan za ka iya samun su a YouTube channel dina: https://www.youtube.com/@drsalihulukman
A baya bayan nan, Mal. Maishago na Magume Zaria ya hada ni da Mal. Ayuba na Gidan Kwano. Mal. Ayuba ya kasance yaron Mal. Abubakar Gidan Zuma, Kongo Campus, kuma yana daya daga cikin mashahuran masu yin ruqya a Zaria kuma na lizimce shi sosai a inda na qara ilimin aljanu da kuma ruqya a wajen sa.
Saboda haka cewa da kayi wai bani da ilmin ruqya a karkashin koyarwar masana da halayyar Aljanu wannan iqirarin shashi fadi kawai ba shi da tushe. Da ma dai ace ka tambaye ni ne in fada maka karatun da na yi akan ruqya da halayyar aljanu da yafi dacewa akan yanda ka yi amfani da cewa na kawo wani abu wanda kai ka ke ganin ba haka ba ne ka yanke hukuncin cewa bani da ilimin abun ne bayan na yi tsokaci a cikin rubutu na cewa nima a kafin wannan binciken da na gano ina yin ruqya. Ina yin ruqya kimanin shekaru 28 da suka wuce. Kuma na kai wasu daga cikin ‘yan’uwa na wajen mashahuren masu yin ruqya a Zaria domin a cire musu aljanu. Saboda haka, ina da masaniya sosai akan ruqya da kuma duniyan aljanu.

Mai sharhi: “Shawara akan haka idan kana da wani nazari da kayi ko kuma kake so ka tabbatar da ra’ayin wasu mutane ka tsaya ka bayyana ra’ayin ka ba sai ka kore abinda ilmi da gwaji ya tabbatar da shi ba”

Amsa ta: Ka sani da cewa duk abubuwan da na rubuta a wannan post din, ra’ayi na ne ba na wani ba. Ba dakon ra’ayin wani nake yi ba. Tun sanda batun shigan aljani jikin mutum ya shahara (93-94), wasu mutane har ma da malamai sun qi yarda da abun kwata-kwata amma ni duk wanda ya sanni zai baka shedan cewa ni ada na gamsu da ciwon aljanu kaman yanda ake siffantawa. Daya daga cikin mata na wanda take kwararriyar likita ce ta taba fada min a shekarun baya cewa duk alamomin da ake siffanta masu ciwon aljanu da su, to likitancin Psychiatry na da ta cewa akan su. A lokacin da ta fada min wannan maganan sai na ji ban yarda ba kawai saboda a lokacin ina ganin cewa babu abin da zai iya gamsar dani a game da ire-iren abubuwan da masu ciwon aljanu suke yi idan ba ciwon aljanun kanshi ba. Sannan kuma a lokacin na kasance ba ni da wani ilimin halayyar dan’Adam wato Psychology sannan kuma ilimina a kan Mental Disorders bai taka kara ya karya ba.

Amma daga baya, da na tsunduma yin bincike a game da Psychology da kuma Mental Disorders, ni da kaina na ci karo da wannan Dissociative Identity Disorder din. Bayan zurfafa bincike akan shi sai na gano cewa lallai shine Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) wanda mata ta ta taba fada min a shekarun baya wanda a gaskiya ni na ma manta cewa ta taba fada min komai a game da MPD.

Saboda haka, wadannan abubuwan dana gabatar duka abubuwa ne wanda ilimin zamani na Psychiatry suka tabbatar da su babu wani tambaba. Amma bance dole sai ka yarda da abin da na fada ba kamar yanda nima a baya na qi yarda da abin da mata ta ta fada min a game da ciwon aljanu har sai da na yi bincike na na gano hakan ni da kaina, kaima ina baka shawaran cewa ka zurfafa bincike a game da Mental Disorders ko da kuwa zai kama ka tuntubi Psychiatrists ne ko kuma Clinical Psychologists akan batun. Ilimi yana da matuqar fadi.

Har yanzu mutanen mu basu karbi likitancin zamani ba yanda ya kamata. Har yanzu wasu daga mutanen mu ba sa son zuwa asibiti sai abu ya baci tukuna wasu kuma har sai sun kusa kaiwa gargara. Imanin mutane a kan lafiyan su ya fi tafiya wajen masu bada maganin gargajiya. Ba ina cewa kada mutane suje wajen masu maganin gargajiya bane a’a, amma dole musan matsayin da za mu ajiye ko wannen su. Masu maganin gargajiya wadanda suke da tsantseni za ka ga cewa idan ka je musu da wani matsala, za su ce maka ka fara zuwa asibiti ayi maka gwaje-gwaje idan kuma abin ya ci tura to sai ka zo wajen su domin suga abin da za su iya yin maka. Ina kyautata zaton cewa da yawa daga masu bada maganin gargajiya a yanzu ba sa yin haka. Abin har ya kai ga wasu masu maganin gargajiya za ka ji su suna da’awar cewa wai suna bada maganin waraka daga Cancer, HIV, Hepatitis B, Kidney, Sickler da dai sauran manyan cututtukan da har yanzu ba su da magani a likitance. Idan da da gaske ne suna warkarwa daga wadannan cututtukan da suka addabe mu to ai da yau babu sauran mai dauke da wadannan cututtukan a NIgeria. A yawancin lokuta, suna fakewa da cewa maganin su yana da NAFDAC Registration, sai su yi nuni kaman ai har ma NAFDAC ta tabbatar da ingancin maganin su. Mutane su sani cewa abin da NAFDAC kadai take yi shine tabbatar da cewa mutum zai iya amfani da maganin ba tare da maganin ya cutar da shi ba kadai. Alal misali, idan ance wannan maganin sickler ne, to abin da NAFDAC zata yi kawai shine ta gwada magani ta gani cewa ba zai yi ma mutum illa ba idan ya sha amma ba za ta gwada maganin ba akan wanda yake da cutan sickler ta gani cewa ko zai warke daga ciwon ba. Mutane ya kamata su gane wannan. Mutane ya kamata su rungumi likitancin zamani da kyau saboda ni a gani na ma yana daya daga cikin mu’u’juzozin manzon Allah (SWA). Duk da yake a zamanin sa babu irin wadannan cigaba da muke da shi na wannan zamanin amma kuma a zamanin al’umman Annabi Muhammadu ne kawai aka samu wannan cigaban shiyasa zaka ga yawancin qasashen musulmai sun rungumi likitancin zamani sosai ba tare da wani kyama ba. Na ga cewa kana yin karatu ne a Dubai, ban sani ba ko ka taba ganin shagon maganin gargajiya a can. Tsawon shekaru 12 da na yi a Saudiyya, ban taba ganin shagon maganin gargajiya ba har ila yau. Mu kuwa a Nigeria ka ce mune cibiyar yada maganin gargajiya na duniya. Allah Ya sa mudace, amin.

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

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Ciwon Aljanu Ne Ko Kuwa Dissociative Identity Disorder?

by Salihu LukmanEducation1 Comment on Ciwon Aljanu Ne Ko Kuwa Dissociative Identity Disorder?

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Tare Da: Dr. Salihu Lukman

Ina so in dan yi ma mutane ne wani tsokaci a game wasu cututtukan halayyan dan’Adam wato Mental/Psychiatric/Psychological Disorders wadanda yawancin mutane suke dangantawa da cewa aljani ne ya shiga mutum ko kuma a wasu lokutan ace an yi ma mutum sammu ko sihiri.

Ku sani cewa ba wai ina so in ce babu duniyar aljanu ne ba kwata-kwata ko kuma in ce aljani ba zai iya shiga jikin dan’Adam ba, a’a. Abin kawai da ni ke so in tabbatar a nan shine su wadannan cututtukan wanda zan ambato su a qasa likitocin halayyan dan’Adam (Psychiatrists) sun tabbatar da cewa wadannan cututtuka ne wadanda suka shafi halayyan mutum wato Mental Disorders kuma wasun su ma suna da maganin zamani na asibiti wanda idan mutum ya sha zai iya warkewa ko kuma samun sauqi, wasun su kuma Clinical Psychologists ko kuma Therapists ko kuma Psychiatrists wadanda suka sami horo a bangaren Psychotherapy za su iya warkar da mutum ko kuma su koyar da kai hanyoyin da zaka iya rage illolin abin da ke damun ka. Akwai qarancin wadannan kwararrun a Nigeria sosai.

Mutane suna da wani dabi’a na danganta wa aljani ko kuma sihiri duk wani abun da suke ganin cewa ya saba ma hankali da kuma dabi’a ta dan’Adam ko kuma bako ne. Alal misali, a da ana cewa cutan shan Inna wato Polio cuta ce wanda aljani ko aljana mai suna Inna ya/ta ke shafan mutum har ya/ta saka mai cutan a inda daya daga cikin qafafuwan mutum zai shanye ya kasa sarrafuwa. Daga baya, sai likitoci suka tabbatar da cewa cutan shan Inna ba aljani ne ke kawo shi ba, wata kwayar cuta ce mai suna Poliovirus wanda a halin yanzu kusan an kawar da cutan a Nigeria dama sauran qasashen duniya.

Mental Disorders din da zan yi dan tsokaci akan su ba irin Polio ba ne wanda wata kwayan cuta ke jawo wa. Su Mental Disorders cututtuka ne wadanda ake samu ta gado wato Nature/Genetics ko kuma yanayin muhallin da mutum ya taso ko kuma abubuwan da suka faru da mutum yayin girman sa wato Nurture.

(1) Dannau (Sleep Paralysis): Dannau dai wani yanayi ne wanda mutum ke shiga a bacci sai ka ji ka dan farka amma kuma ka kasa motsi kwata-kwata kaman an danne ka, tare da zufa da numfashi sama-sama, a wani lokaci ma har da sleep-related hallucinations wato jiye-jiye ko gane-gane wanda bayan dan wani lokaci (daqiqai zuwa minti 2) kuma sai ka dawo daidai wato sai ka iya motsa gabban jikin ka kaman wanda ya danne ka din ya tafi.

Wannan shine ake kira Sleep Paralysis, kuma mafi yawan lokaci yana kama mutanen da ke dauke da wadannan Mental Disorders din ne kaman insomnia, narcolepsy, depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Domin cikakken qarin bayani a kan dannau da kuma yanda ake maganin shi, ka bibiyi wadannan hujjojin a qasa:

(i) Bidiyon Dr. Maryam Almustapha: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSGyTxoOADY

(ii) https://www.healthline.com/health/sleep/isolated-sleep-paralysis

(iii) Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association). Page 375. https://t.me/elibrary_mobile/6658

(2) Shigan Aljani Jikin Mutum Ko Kuma Shafan Aljanu: Ana cewa aljani ya shiga mutum ne ko kuma ya kama shi idan wani lokaci mutum ya kan shiga wani halin da tabi’an sa da yanayin sa tare muryan sa duk sai su canza. Sai kaga mutum yana magana da muryar da ba a sanshi da shi ba. A wannan yanayin sai ace wai aljani ne ya kama shi kuma ma aljanin ne yake magana a bakin shi mutumin. Haka ko na iya faruwa ne haka kawai ko kuma a sa’ilin da ake karantawa mai ciwon Al-Qur’ani wato Ruqya. A lokacin yin Ruqya, ana iya yin magana da su wadanda ake zaton wai aljanu ne wadanda ke jikin mutum ko da kuwa suna da yawa. Wani lokaci za a ce mutum yana da aljanu 2, 5, 10, ko kuma ma fiye da haka sannan kuma duk sanda daya daga cikin aljanun ya halarto mai, to yanayin shi gabadaya zai canza, wani lokaci, zai san me ya ke yi a wani lokaci kuma ba zai tuna komai ba har sai ya dawo cikin hayyancin sa. Mutum zai iya yin tafiya zuwa wani wuri kaman ace ya tashi daga gidan shi zuwa kasuwa ko kuma wani gari daban amma kuma sai ya kasa tuna yanda akayi har ya yi wannan tafiya sai ace ai aljani ne ya dauke shi ya kaishi wajen. Hakazalika, za ka iya ganin kayayyakin kasuwa amma kuma ba za ka iya tuna sanda ka tafi kasuwan ba kayi siyayyan kayayyakin, sai ace wai aljani ne kawo maka. Makuwa ma tana iya faruwa da mutum. Sannan kuma za ka iya yin jiye-jiye na maganganu ko kuma gane-gane (hallucinations). Wani yana iya neman cutar da kansa ta hanyar azabtar da kansa ko kuma neman kashe kanshi idan ya shiga yanayin da ake ganin cewa aljani ne ya halarto shi. Da yawancin mutane sun tafi akan cewa ire-iren wadannan alamomin da na lissafta alamomin cewa aljani ya shiga jikin mutum kuma shine yake saka shi yake yin irin wadannan ayyuka.

Amma da na zurfafa bincike a kan cututtukan da suka shafi halayyar dan’Adam wato Mental Disorders sai na gano cewa abin da muke kira da ciwon aljanu ko kuma shafan aljani ba komai bane face wata Mental Disorder ne wanda likitocin halayyar dan’Adam (Psychiatrists) ke kira da Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) wanda ada ake kira da Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) ko kuma Split Personality Disorder (SPD). Yawancin mutanen da suke dauke da DID za a ga cewa suna kuma dauke da wasu Mental Disorder(s) abin da likitoci ke kira Cormobidity kaman PTSD, depressive disorders, personality disorders, da dai sauran su. Idan mutum yana da wannan cutan, to ya garzaya asibiti domin ganin Psychiatrist wanda zai duba yanayin da kake ciki domin maganin abubuwan da kake ji. Likitan zai iya baka magani ko kuma ya sa ayi maka Psychotherapy. Akwai turawa ma da yawa wadanda suke tattare da wannan cutan, saboda haka wannan ba cuta bane ta take shafan Musulmai kawai kaman yanda wasu ke tsammani. Kafin in gano Dissociative Identity Disorder, nima ina yin Ruqya ga wanda ake zaton cewa aljani ya shafa. Kuma an sha yin magana da aljani (alter) a gabana. Amma a yanzu na gane cewa a hakika ba aljani bane ake magana da shi, yanayin mutum ne wato personality ne kawai yake canzawa sai a dauka kaman cewa aljani ne ya hallaro. Ku gane cewa ba ina cewa babu aljani bane kwata-kwata, ko kuma ina cewa aljani ba zai iya shiga jikin mutum ba, abin kawai da ni ke so mutane su gane shine, abin da muke kira da ciwon aljani ko kuma shiga ko shafan aljani to ba komai bane illa wani Mental Disorder ne mai suna Dissociative Identity Disorder kamar yanda a da ake cewa dannau aljani ke danne mutum wanda daga baya Psychiatrists suka gano cewa a hakika ba aljani ba ne kawai wani alama ce ta Mental Disorder wanda ake kira da Sleep Paralysis. Abubuwannan suna da matuqar mamaki amma kuma ku gane cewa duk inda muke tsammanin kwakwalwar dan’Adam ta kai to ta wuce nan. Tana da abin ban mamaki sosai.

Domin cikakken qarin bayani a game da Dissociative Identity Disorder wato abin da ake kira ciwon aljanu da kuma yanda ake maganin shi, ka bibiyi wadannan hujjojin a qasa:

(i) Bidiyon da akayi fira da wata mai ‘aljanu’ (alters) 11 kuma daya daga cikin ‘aljanun’ ta hallara a yayin firan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0kLjsY4JlU

(ii) Bidiyon Dr. Ramani Durvasula a game da DID: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_i-p3g3Epm8

(Iii) https://www.healthline.com/health/dissociative-identity-disorder

(iv) Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association). Page 292. https://t.me/elibrary_mobile/6658

(3) Sammu/Sihiri: Na yarda cewa za a iya yin ma mutum sihiri ko sammu kuma ta kama shi da ikon Allah. Amma abin da na lura da shi shine, mutane suna da saurin cewa an yi ma mutum sihiri da zaran yanayin wasu abubuwa na daban da bai saba yi ba ko kuma idan dabi’ar sa ta canza akan mutane ko kuma akan aikin sa ko karatun sa. Ga misalai akan haka:

(a) Wanda ya gudu daga wajen aikin sa ko makaranta, ko kuma ya daina zuwa aikin/makarantan kwata-kwata, ko kuma sai ya je wajen aikin/makarantan amma kuma sai ya kasa yin aikin/karatun gabadaya, ko kuma mutum ya daina fita waje kwata-kwata ya maqale a dakin shi a koda yaushe kuma baya son shiga jama’a sannan ga qazanta ko kuma yawan bacci ko rashin bacci. Ko kuma mutum yayi ta ciwon jiki, kai, ko ciki amma kuma duk gwajin da akayi a asibiti bai nuna wani cuta ba. Mutane suna da saurin alaqanta wadannan alamomi da cewa an yi ma mutum sammu ne alhali akwai tarin Mental Disorders din da za su iya sa mutum aikata duka wadannan ayyukan kaman depressive disorders, bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, somatic symptom disorder, da dai sauran su. Idan ka ji daya daga cikin wadannan alamomin, to kai yi marmaza ka garzaya asibiti wajen Psychiatrist domin a duba a gano abin da ke damun ka domin ayi maka maganin da ya dace kafin abubuwan su tabarbare.

(b) Mutum ya dunga jin maganganu ko kuma gane-gane (hallucinations), tare da magana mara kan gado ko da sauri-sauri sannan da jin kai (grandiosity) ko kuma yarda da abin da ba zai yiwu ba (delusion) kaman mutum yace shi Mahdi ne wanda zai zo qarshen zamani, da dai sauran dabi’u mara kan gado kaman kashe-kashen kudi ba tare da tunani ba, ko kuma aikata wasu ayyukan da za su iya kawo ma mutum illa. Wanda ya ji irin wadannan alamomin ko kuma ya ga wani na kusa da shi yana dauke da wadannan alamomin to sai ya garzaya asibiti wajen Psychiatrist domin neman magani saboda akwai Mental Disorders da yawa da za su iya jawo wadannan alamomin kaman schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, da dai sauran su. Schizophrenia ta na daya daga cikin cututtukan da suke sa mutum ya koma mahaukaci tuburan idan dai har ba a yi maganin ta ba. Wasu daga cikin wadannan Mental Disorders idan ba a yi maganin su ba za su iya sa mutum ya yi tafiya akan titi tsirara ko kuma ya dunga dukan mutane ko kuma ya dunga sunbatu. Saboda haka a kula. A madadin da anga irin wadannan alamun a ce ai sammu ne, gara ayi marmaza a garzaya asibiti domin neman magani.

Daga qarshe, ka sani cewa mutane ba sa son zuwa ganin Psychiatrist saboda gudun ace sun haukace daga baya ayi ta yi da su wato stigma. Ka sani cewa shi Psychiatrist yana duba daga mai ciwon kai har zuwa wanda ake ganin cewa mahaukaci ne tuburan. Saboda haka, da zaran mun ji ba daidai ba a yanayin yanda muka saba ayyukan mu a wajen aiki ne ko kuwa a gida ne ko kuwa a alaqar mu ne da sauran mutane, to mu yi sauri mu tafi wajen Psychiatrist saboda a duba mu. A lokuta da dama, masu Mental Disorders ba sa son kai kansu wajen likita domin ya duba su, saboda haka, dole wanda yake jibintar lamarin su ko kuma yake kusa da su kaman uba, uwa, miji, mata, yaya, aboki da dai sauran su su kula sannan suyi abinda ya dace wajen garzayawa asibiti da zaran anga cewa akwai buqatan haka.

Salihu Lukman, Assistant Professor ne na Civil Engineering a University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia

 

 

 

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